If the user doesn't notice this and saves the edit, the old value is lost. The device's contacts app doesn't allow you to delete a raw contact or any of its data with an intent. Instead, to delete a raw contact, use ContentResolver.
The following snippet shows how to construct and send an intent that inserts a new raw contact and data:. Because the contacts repository contains important and sensitive data that users expect to be correct and up-to-date, the Contacts Provider has well-defined rules for data integrity.
It's your responsibility to conform to these rules when you modify contacts data. The important rules are listed here:. By creating and using your own custom MIME types, you can insert, edit, delete, and retrieve your own data rows in the ContactsContract. Your rows are limited to using the column defined in ContactsContract. DataColumns , although you can map your own type-specific column names to the default column names.
In the device's contacts application, the data for your rows is displayed but can't be edited or deleted, and users can't add additional data. To allow users to modify your custom data rows, you must provide an editor activity in your own application.
To display your custom data, provide a contacts. The Contacts Provider is specifically designed for handling synchronization of contacts data between a device and an online service. This allows users to download existing data to a new device and upload existing data to a new account. Synchronization also ensures that users have the latest data at hand, regardless of the source of additions and changes. Another advantage of synchronization is that it makes contacts data available even when the device is not connected to the network.
Although you can implement synchronization in a variety of ways, the Android system provides a plug-in synchronization framework that automates the following tasks: Checking network availability.
Scheduling and executing synchronization, based on user preferences. Restarting synchronizations that have stopped. To use this framework, you supply a sync adapter plug-in.
Each sync adapter is unique to a service and content provider, but can handle multiple account names for the same service.
The framework also allows multiple sync adapters for the same service and provider. You implement a sync adapter as a subclass of AbstractThreadedSyncAdapter and install it as part of an Android application. The system learns about the sync adapter from elements in your application manifest, and from a special XML file pointed to by the manifest.
The XML file defines the account type for the online service and the authority for the content provider, which together uniquely identify the adapter. The sync adapter does not become active until the user adds an account for the sync adapter's account type and enables synchronization for the content provider the sync adapter syncs with.
At that point, the system starts managing the adapter, calling it as necessary to synchronize between the content provider and the server. Note: Using an account type as part of the sync adapter's identification allows the system to detect and group together sync adapters that access different services from the same organization. For example, sync adapters for Google online services all have the same account type com.
When users add a Google account to their devices, all of the installed sync adapters for Google services are listed together; each sync adapter listed syncs with a different content provider on the device. Because most services require users to verify their identity before accessing data, the Android system offers an authentication framework that is similar to, and often used in conjunction with, the sync adapter framework.
The authentication framework uses plug-in authenticators that are subclasses of AbstractAccountAuthenticator. An authenticator verifies the user's identity in the following steps: Collects the user's name, password or similar information the user's credentials.
Sends the credentials to the service Examines the service's reply. If the service accepts the credentials, the authenticator can store the credentials for later use. Because of the plug-in authenticator framework, the AccountManager can provide access to any authtokens an authenticator supports and chooses to expose, such as OAuth2 authtokens. Although authentication is not required, most contacts services use it. However, you're not required to use the Android authentication framework to do authentication.
To implement a sync adapter for the Contacts Provider, you start by creating an Android application that contains the following:. The android. StreamItems and android. StreamItemPhotos tables manage incoming data from social networks. You can write a sync adapter that adds stream data from your own network to these tables, or you can read stream data from these tables and display it in your own application, or both.
With these features, your social networking services and applications can be integrated into Android's social networking experience. Stream items are always associated with a raw contact. The account type and account name of the raw contact are also stored in the stream item row. To display identifying information for your stream items, use the android. StreamItems table also contains the columns android. StreamItemPhotos table stores photos associated with a stream item.
The table's android. StreamItems table. Photo references are stored in the table in these columns:. The class android. StreamItemPhotos defines a sub-table of android.
StreamItemPhotos containing the photo rows for a single stream item. The social stream data managed by the Contacts Provider, in conjunction with the device's contacts application, offers a powerful way to connect your social networking system with existing contacts. The following features are available:. Regular synchronization of stream items with the Contacts Provider is the same as other synchronizations. To learn more about synchronization, see the section Contacts Provider sync adapters.
Registering notifications and inviting contacts are covered in the next two sections. To register your sync adapter to receive notifications when the user views a contact that's managed by your sync adapter:.
To register an activity to be called when the user clicks on a stream item or photo or both:. The incoming intent contains the content URI of the item or photo that the user clicked. To have separate activities for text items and for photos, use both attributes in the same file. Users don't have to leave the device's contacts application to invite a contact to your social networking site. Instead, you can have the device's contacts app send an intent for inviting the contact to one of your activities.
To set this up:. The file contacts. These elements are described in the following sections. It has the following syntax:. Declares Android components and UI labels that allow users to invite one of their contacts to a social network, notify users when one of their social networking streams is updated, and so forth.
Use this element to have the contacts application display the contents of a custom data row as part of the details of a raw contact. You don't have to add the element if you have a custom data row for which you don't want to display data. Besides the main features described in previous sections, the Contacts Provider offers these useful features for working with contacts data:.
The Contacts Provider can optionally label collections of related contacts with group data. If the server associated with a user account wants to maintain groups, the sync adapter for the account's account type should transfer groups data between the Contacts Provider and the server. When users add a new contact to the server and then put this contact in a new group, the sync adapter must add the new group to the ContactsContract. Groups table. The group or groups a raw contact belongs to are stored in the ContactsContract.
Data table, using the ContactsContract. If you're designing a sync adapter that will add raw contact data from server to the Contacts Provider, and you aren't using groups, then you need to tell the Provider to make your data visible. In the code that is executed when a user adds an account to the device, update the ContactsContract.
Settings row that the Contacts Provider adds for the account. In this row, set the value of the Settings. When you do this, the Contacts Provider will always make your contacts data visible, even if you don't use groups.
The class ContactsContract. Photo defines a sub-table of ContactsContract. Contacts containing photo information for a contact's primary photo, which is the primary photo of the contact's primary raw contact. Similarly, the class ContactsContract. DisplayPhoto defines a sub-table of ContactsContract. RawContacts containing photo information for a raw contact's primary photo. The reference documentation for ContactsContract.
Photo and ContactsContract. DisplayPhoto contain examples of retrieving photo information. There is no convenience class for retrieving the primary thumbnail for a raw contact, but you can send a query to the ContactsContract. Social stream data for a person may also include photos. These are stored in the android. StreamItemPhotos table, which is described in more detail in the section Social stream photos. Content and code samples on this page are subject to the licenses described in the Content License.
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